A1 · BeginnerGrammar 20 minutes

Subject pronouns and possessive adjectives

Mübtəda əvəzlikləri və yiyəlik sifətləri

After this lesson you can

Can use subject pronouns I, you, he, she, it, we, they correctly in simple sentences.
Can use possessive adjectives my, your, his, her, its, our, their before nouns.
Can match each subject pronoun with the correct possessive adjective.

Explanation

Subject pronouns

Subject pronouns replace nouns and are the subject of a sentence: I, you, he, she, it, we, they.

Pronoun	Example
I	I am a student.
you	You are my friend.
he	He is my brother.
she	She is my sister.
it	It is a cat.
we	We are happy.
they	They are teachers.

In Azerbaijani, "o" means he, she and it. In English we use he for a man, she for a woman, and it for a thing or an animal.

Possessive adjectives

Possessive adjectives show who something belongs to. They come before a noun: my, your, his, her, its, our, their.

Pronoun	Possessive	Example
I	my	my book
you	your	your pen
he	his	his car
she	her	her bag
it	its	its name
we	our	our house
they	their	their dog

Be careful

its (belonging to a thing) is different from it's (it is).
his is for a man, her is for a woman.

Azərbaycan dilində ətraflı izah

Mübtəda əvəzlikləri

İngilis dilində isimləri əvəz edən sözlərə subject pronouns (mübtəda əvəzlikləri) deyilir. Onlar cümlədə mübtəda olur:

Əvəzlik	Azərbaycanca	Nümunə
I	mən	I am a student.
you	sən / siz	You are my friend.
he	o (kişi)	He is my brother.
she	o (qadın)	She is my sister.
it	o (əşya, heyvan)	It is a cat.
we	biz	We are happy.
they	onlar	They are teachers.

Azərbaycan dilində "o" həm kişi, həm qadın, həm də əşya üçün işlənir. İngilis dilində isə üç ayrı söz var: he (kişi), she (qadın), it (əşya, heyvan).

Yiyəlik sifətləri

Possessive adjectives (yiyəlik sifətləri) kiməsə aid olan şeyi bildirir. Onlar isimdən əvvəl gəlir:

Əvəzlik	Yiyəlik sifəti	Azərbaycanca	Nümunə
I	my	mənim	my book
you	your	sənin / sizin	your pen
he	his	onun (kişi)	his car
she	her	onun (qadın)	her bag
it	its	onun (əşya)	its name
we	our	bizim	our house
they	their	onların	their dog

Cümlədə istifadə

I am a teacher. My name is Ali.
She is my sister. Her name is Leyla.
They are students. Their school is big.

Diqqət edin

its (onun - əşya üçün) və it's (it is - o ...dır) fərqlidir: Its name is Tom. / It's a dog.
his və her cinsə görə dəyişir: his book (kişinin kitabı), her book (qadının kitabı).
Azərbaycan dilində "onun" hər üç cins üçün eynidir, ingilis dilində isə **his **, **her **, its ayrılır.

Examples

I am a student. My name is Ali.
Mən tələbəyəm. Mənim adım Əlidir.
She is my sister. Her name is Leyla.
O, mənim bacımdır. Onun adı Leyladır.
He is my brother. His name is Orxan.
O, mənim qardaşımdır. Onun adı Orxandır.
We are a family. Our house is small.
Biz bir ailəyik. Bizim evimiz kiçikdir.
They are my friends. Their names are Tom and Anna.
Onlar mənim dostlarımdır. Onların adları Tom və Annadır.
It is a cat. Its name is Pisi.
O, bir pişikdir. Onun adı Pisidir.
its - əşya və ya heyvan üçün
You are a good student. Your book is new.
Sən yaxşı tələbəsən. Sənin kitabın yenidir.

Common mistakes

She is my brother.
He is my brother.
Kişi üçün **he**, qadın üçün **she** işlənir. Qardaş kişidir, ona görə **he**.
I am a student. His name is Ali.
I am a student. My name is Ali.
Öz adımızdan danışarkən **my** işlədilir, **his** yox.
She is my sister. His name is Leyla.
She is my sister. Her name is Leyla.
Qadın haqqında danışarkən **her** işlədilir, **his** yox.
They are students. His school is big.
They are students. Their school is big.
Onlar üçün yiyəlik sifəti **their**-dir.
It is a dog. It's name is Rex.
It is a dog. Its name is Rex.
**Its** (onun) və **it's** (it is) fərqlidir. Burada 'onun adı' lazımdır, ona görə **its**.

Vocabulary

I pronoun: the person who is speakingmən“I am happy.”
he pronoun: a man or a boyo (kişi)“He is my father.”
his possessive adjective: belonging to a man or boyonun (kişi)“His car is red.”
it pronoun: a thing or an animalo (əşya, heyvan)“It is a book.”
my possessive adjective: belonging to memənim“My name is Ali.”
she pronoun: a woman or a girlo (qadın)“She is my mother.”
they pronoun: other people or thingsonlar“They are my friends.”
we pronoun: I and other peoplebiz“We are a family.”
you pronoun: the person or people you speak tosən, siz“You are my friend.”
your possessive adjective: belonging to yousənin, sizin“Your pen is new.”