Causative: have/get something done
Təsir (causative) quruluşu: have/get something done
After this lesson you can
- Can talk about services that other people do for them using have/get + object + past participle.
- Can use the causative in different tenses.
- Can describe unpleasant experiences with have something stolen/damaged.
Explanation
Causative have/get
Use have/get + object + past participle when someone else does a job for you, usually for money.
- I cut my hair. = I did it myself.
- I had my hair cut. = A hairdresser did it.
The tense is shown by have/get: She is having her nails done. We had the windows cleaned. I'm going to get my eyes tested.
get is more informal than have. The same structure describes bad experiences: He had his wallet stolen.
Watch the word order: had my hair cut (causative) is not had cut my hair (past perfect).
Azərbaycan dilində ətraflı izah
Nə bildirir?
Bəzi işləri özümüz etmirik, başqasına (usta, mütəxəssis) etdiririk. İngiliscədə bunun üçün have/get + obyekt + V3 quruluşu işlənir.
Azərbaycan dilində bu məna -dır/-dir/-dur/-dür, -t təsir şəkilçiləri ilə verilir: kəsdirmək, təmir etdirmək, yudurmaq. Məsələn:
- I had my hair cut., Saçımı kəsdirdim.
- We're getting our kitchen painted., Mətbəximizi rənglədirik.
Söz sırası çox vacibdir
have + obyekt + V3
- I cut my hair., Saçımı (özüm) kəsdim.
- I had my hair cut., Saçımı (bərbərdə) kəsdirdim.
I had cut my hair, bu past perfectdir, tam başqa məna!
Zamanlar
Zamanı have/get göstərir:
| Zaman | Nümunə |
|---|---|
| Present simple | I have my car washed every month. |
| Present continuous | She is having her nails done. |
| Past simple | We had the windows cleaned. |
| Present perfect | He has had his phone repaired. |
| Future | I'm going to get my eyes tested. |
| Modal | You should get your teeth checked. |
have və get fərqi
get daha danışıq üslubudur, have bir az neytral/rəsmidir. Mənada demək olar ki, fərq yoxdur.
Xoşagəlməz hadisələr
Eyni quruluş bizim istəmədiyimiz hadisələr üçün də işlənir:
- He had his wallet stolen on the metro., Metroda pul kisəsini oğurladılar.
Tipik səhvlər
- Azərbaycan dilindəki kimi düşünüb
I cut my hair at the hairdresser'sdemək, ingilis dilində bu, özün kəsdin mənasına yaxındır; düzgün: I had my hair cut. - V3 əvəzinə V1:
I had my car repair→ repaired.
Examples
I had my hair cut yesterday.
Dünən saçımı kəsdirdim.
We're having our flat renovated this summer.
Bu yay mənzilimizi təmir etdiririk.
You should get your eyes tested.
Gözlərini yoxlatdırmalısan.
She gets her car serviced every six months.
O, maşınına hər altı aydan bir texniki baxış etdirir.
Have you had your passport photo taken yet?
Pasport şəklini artıq çəkdirmisən?
My neighbour had his car damaged in the storm.
Qonşumun maşını fırtınada zədələndi.
Xoşagəlməz hadisə.
Common mistakes
I had cut my hair at the hairdresser's.
I had my hair cut at the hairdresser's.
Obyekt have ilə V3 arasında olmalıdır. had cut my hair past perfect olur.
I need to get my laptop repair.
I need to get my laptop repaired.
Obyektdən sonra felin V3 forması gəlir.
I repaired my phone in a shop near the metro.
I had my phone repaired in a shop near the metro.
Telefonu usta təmir edibsə, causative quruluşu lazımdır.
She is having done her nails.
She is having her nails done.
Söz sırası: have + obyekt + V3.
Vocabulary
- check-up noun
- a general medical examinationtibbi müayinə“I have a check-up every year.”
- hairdresser's noun
- a shop where people have their hair cutbərbərxana, gözəllik salonu“I'm going to the hairdresser's on Saturday.”
- service verb
- to examine and repair a vehicle or machinetexniki baxışdan keçirmək“I need to get my car serviced.”
- tailor noun
- a person who makes or changes clothesdərzi“I had my suit shortened by a tailor.”