wish, if only, would rather, it's time
wish, if only, would rather, it's time
After this lesson you can
- Can express wishes and regrets about the present, past and future with wish and if only
- Can use wish + would to complain about other people's annoying behaviour
- Can use would rather and it's (high) time with the correct verb forms
Explanation
For unreal wishes, move the verb one tense back.
- Present: wish + past simple / could: I wish I had more time. I wish I were taller.
- Past regret: wish + past perfect: I wish I had studied harder.
- Annoying behaviour of others: wish + would: I wish you would stop interrupting. (not about yourself)
- If only = a stronger wish, same forms.
would rather + base verb for your preference: I'd rather stay in. With another subject: would rather + subject + past simple: I'd rather you didn't smoke here.
It's (high) time + subject + past simple = something should already be happening: It's time we went home. Compare It's time to go.
Azərbaycan dilində ətraflı izah
Əsas fikir: bir addım geri
Azərbaycan dilində kaş ki deyib arzu etdiyimiz zamanı saxlayırıq: *Kaş ki, maşınım **olaydı ***. İngilis dilində isə real olmayan arzuda feil bir zaman geri çəkilir.
1. İndiki zaman haqqında arzu: wish + Past Simple
I wish I had more free time., Kaş daha çox boş vaxtım olaydı (yoxdur). I wish I were taller., rəsmi dildə bütün şəxslər üçün were, danışıqda was da işlənir. I wish I could speak Chinese.
2. Keçmiş haqqında peşmançılıq: wish + Past Perfect
I wish I had studied harder., Kaş daha çox oxuyaydım (oxumadım). I wish I hadn't said that.
3. Başqasının davranışından narazılıq: wish + would
I wish you would stop interrupting me., Kaş sözümü kəsməyəydin. Bu quruluş özün haqqında işlənmir: ✗ I wish I would.
4. if only
*wish -in daha emosional formasıdır, eyni qaydalar: *** If only I had listened to you!
5. would rather
- Öz üstünlüyün: would rather + feil (to-suz): I 'd rather stay at home tonight. / I'd rather not talk about it.
- Başqasının hərəkəti: would rather + mübtəda + Past Simple: I'd rather you didn't smoke here.
- Keçmiş üçün: I'd rather you hadn't told him.
6. it's time / it's high time
it's time + mübtəda + Past Simple, çoxdan edilməli olan işi bildirir: It's (high) time we went home., Artıq evə getməyimizin vaxtıdır. Ümumi mənada it's time + to-infinitive: It's time to go.
Xülasə
| Arzu | Forma |
|---|---|
| indi | wish + Past Simple / could |
| keçmiş | wish + Past Perfect |
| başqasının davranışı | wish + would |
| üstünlük (başqası) | would rather + Past Simple |
| gecikmiş iş | it's time + Past Simple |
Examples
I wish I lived closer to the sea.
Kaş dənizə daha yaxın yaşayaydım.
She wishes she hadn't accepted the job offer.
O, kaş iş təklifini qəbul etməyəydi deyə peşmandır.
I wish my neighbours would turn their music down.
Kaş qonşular musiqinin səsini azaldaydılar.
narazılıq
If only I had brought my camera!
Kaş fotoaparatımı götürəydim!
I'd rather walk than take the bus.
Avtobusa minməkdənsə, piyada getməyi üstün tuturam.
I'd rather you didn't tell anyone about this.
İstərdim ki, bu barədə heç kimə deməyəsən.
It's high time the government did something about traffic.
Hökumətin tıxac məsələsində nəsə etməsinin vaxtı çoxdan çatıb.
Common mistakes
I wish I have a bigger flat.
I wish I had a bigger flat.
Azərbaycan dilində 'kaş olaydı' deyirik, amma ingilis dilində indiki arzuda Past Simple lazımdır.
I wish I would be rich.
I wish I were rich. / I wish I was rich.
wish + would öz haqqında işlənmir; o, başqasının davranışından narazılıq bildirir.
I wish I didn't go to that party yesterday.
I wish I hadn't gone to that party yesterday.
Keçmiş haqqında peşmançılıq Past Perfect ilə ifadə olunur.
I'd rather you don't call me so late.
I'd rather you didn't call me so late.
would rather + başqa mübtəda + Past Simple.
It's time we go to bed.
It's time we went to bed.
It's time + mübtəda-dan sonra Past Simple gəlir.
Vocabulary
- make up your mind idiom
- to decideqərara gəlmək“It's high time you made up your mind.”
- nag verb
- to keep complaining or asking someone to do somethingdeyinmək, başının etini yemək“I wish my mum wouldn't nag me about my room.”
- reconsider verb
- to think again about a decisionyenidən nəzərdən keçirmək“I'd rather you reconsidered your decision.”